Stauroneis
Ehrenberg 1842 Category: Symmetrical biraphid
TYPE SPECIES: Stauroneis phoenicenteron (Nitzsch) Ehrenberg
Image Credit: Loren Bahls
CLASS: Bacillariophyceae
ORDER: Naviculales
FAMILY: Stauroneidaceae
- Stauros present
- Pseudosepta may be present
- Striae distinctly punctate
Stauroneis has naviculoid and mostly solitary cells with two chloroplasts, one on each side of the cell against the cingulum. Valves range from almost linear to lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate. The central area is a prominent transverse fascia, known as a “stauros”. The central fascia typically extends to the valve margins, where one to several short striae may be present. The striae are uniseriate and punctate. The areolae are usually round but are transversely elongate in some species. Pseudosepta are present in some species. Variable and useful diagnostic features for identifying species include: presence or absence of pseudosepta, valve size and shape, width of the axial area, size and shape of the central area, number of striae in 10 µm, shape of areolae and number of areolae in 10 µm, raphe structure, and size and shape of the external proximal raphe ends.
Stauroneis is a diverse freshwater genus found mostly in the benthos of wetlands and small lakes and ponds. Some species are also found in stream benthos and on moist soils and moss.
Cite This Page:
Bahls, L. (2012). Stauroneis. In Diatoms of the United States. Retrieved May 25, 2013, from http://westerndiatoms.colorado.edu/taxa/genus/Stauroneis
Contributor: Loren Bahls - January 2012
Citations
Mann, D.G. and Stickle, A.J. (1995). The systematics of Stauroneis (Bacillariophyta) II. The life history of S. phoenicenteron and related species. Diatom Research 10: 277-297.
Reimer, C.W. (1961). Some aspects of the diatom flora of Cabin Creek raised bog, Randolf Co., Indiana. Proceeding of the Indiana Academy of Sciences 71: 305-319.
Stodder, C. (1861). Diatoms from West Roxbury (descriptions of Stauroneis baconiana and S. pellucida). Proc. Boston Soc. Natural History 7:26-28.
Van de Vijver, B., Beyens, L. and Lange-Bertalot, H. (2004). The genus Stauroneis in Arctic and Antarctic Regions. Bibliotheca Diatomologica 50, 312 pp.
Links
Index Nominum Algarum (INA)
California Academy of Sciences (CAS)
January 17th, 2012 - Genus description
The original Stauroneis page was posted in 2009 by Spaulding and Edlund. Bahls clarified the diagnostic features and expanded on the genus description in the text, for this website. There were no taxonomic or nomenclatural changes involved in the update. (S. Spaulding)