Gyrosigma
Hassall 1845 Category: Symmetrical biraphid
TYPE SPECIES: Gyrosigma hippocampus (Ehrenberg) Hassall
CLASS: Bacillariophyceae
ORDER: Naviculales
FAMILY:
- Valve sigmoid
- Raphe sigmoid
- Striae punctate, punctae form rows perpendicular and parallel to the axes
Gyrosigma valves are sigmoid in valve outline. The axial area is narrow and also sigmoid, containing a sigmoid raphe. The striae are comprised of punctate areolae and form rows that are perpendicular and parallel to the apical and transapical axes. The central area is round to elliptical. External proximal raphe ends are deflected in opposite directions from one another. In living cells, two plastids are present.
Gyrosigma is characteristic of epipelic and endopelic habitats. The genus is widely distributed in freshwaters, with some species found in brackish waters.
Cite This Page:
Spaulding, S., and Edlund, M. (2009). Gyrosigma. In Diatoms of the United States. Retrieved May 20, 2013, from http://westerndiatoms.colorado.edu/taxa/genus/Gyrosigma
Contributor: Sarah Spaulding | Mark Edlund - January 2009
Reviewer: Sam Rushforth
Citations
Patrick, R.M. and Reimer, C.W. (1966). The Diatoms of the United States exclusive of Alaska and Hawaii, V. 1. Monographs of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 13.
Sterrenburg, F.A.S. (1991). Studies on the genera Gyrosigma and Pleurosigma (Bacillariophyceae). Light-microscopical criteria for taxonomy. Diatom Research 6: 367-389.
Sterrenburg, F.A.S. (1992). Studies on the genera Gyrosigma and Pleurosigma (Bacillariophyceae). The type of the genus Gyrosigma and other Attenuati sensu Peragallo. Diatom Research 7: 137-155.
Sterrenburg, F.A.S. (1993). Studies on the genera Gyrosigma and Pleurosigma (Bacillariophyceae). Rules controlling raphe fissure morphogenesis in Gyrosigma. Diatom Research 8: 457-463.
Sterrenburg, F.A.S. (1993). Studies on the genera Gyrosigma and Pleurosigma (Bacillariophyceae). The identity of Pleurosigma obscurum W. Smith. Diatom Research 8: 447-456.
Sterrenburg, F.A.S. (1994). Studies on the genera Gyrosigma and Pleurosigma (Bacillariophyceae). Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 145: 217-236.
Sterrenburg, F.A.S. (1994). Studies on the genera Gyrosigma and Pleurosigma (Bacillariophyceae). The species of Sullivant & Wormley 1859, synonymy and differentiation from other Gyrosigma taxa. Proceedings Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 145: 217-236.
Sterrenburg, F.A.S. (1995). Studies on the genera Gyrosigma and Pleurosigma (Bacillariophyceae). Gyrosigma acuminatum (Kützing) Rabenhorst, G. spenceri (Quekett) Griffith et Henfrey and G. rautenbachiae Cholnoky. Proceedings Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 146: 467-480.
Sterrenburg, F.A.S. (1995). Studies on the genera Gyrosigma and Pleurosigma (Bacillariophyceae). Gyrosigma balticum (Ehrenberg) Rabenhorst, G. pensacolae sp. n. and simulacrum species. Botanica Marina, 38: 401-408.
Sterrenburg, F.A.S. (1997). Studies on the genera Gyrosigma and Pleurosigma (Bacillariophyceae). Gyrosigma kuetzingii (Grunow) Cleve and G. peisonis (Grunow) Hustedt. Proceedings Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 148: 157-163.
Sterrenburg, F.A.S. and Underwood, G.J.C. (1997). Studies on the genera Gyrosigma and Pleurosigma (Bacillariophyceae). The marine Gyrosigma spenceri records: Gyrosigma limosum Sterrenburg et Underwood nov. sp. Proceedings Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 148: 165-169.
Sterrenburg, F.A.S., Tiffany, M.A. and Lange, C. (2000). Studies on the genera Gyrosigma and Pleurosigma (Bacillariophyceae). Species from the Salton Sea, California, USA. Proceedings Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 150: 305-313.