Gomphonema
Ehrenberg 1832 Category: Asymmetrical biraphid
TYPE SPECIES: Gomphonema acuminatum Ehrenberg
Image Credit: Sarah Spaulding
CLASS: Bacillariophyceae
ORDER: Cymbellales
FAMILY: Gomphonemataeae
- Valve outline club-shaped (clavate)
- Single stigma may be present on one side of the central area
- Apical pore field present
Gomphonema valves are symmetrical to the apical axis, and asymmetrical to the transapical axis. In girdle view, frustules are wedge-shaped (cuneate). Striae are not crossed by longitudinal lines, as in Gomphoneis. A stigma may be present or absent on one side of the central area. An apical porefield is present and bisected by the terminal raphe.
Many species grow on mucilaginous stalks and can be found in nearly every habitat type within circumneutral lakes and streams of North America.
Cite This Page:
Spaulding, S., and Edlund, M. (2009). Gomphonema. In Diatoms of the United States. Retrieved May 20, 2013, from http://westerndiatoms.colorado.edu/taxa/genus/Gomphonema
Contributor: Sarah Spaulding | Mark Edlund - January 2009
Reviewer: Marina Potapova
Citations
Ector, L., Coste, M. and Iserentant, R. (1995). Taxonomie et ultrastructure de Gomphonema rhombicum Fricke, 1904. Comparaison avec Gomphonema clevei Fricke, 1902 et Gomphonema brevistriata Heribaud, 1903. Vie et Milieu 45: 339.
Iserentant, R. and Ector, L. (1996). Gomphonema rhombicum M. Schmidt (Bacillariophyta): typification et description en microscopie optique. Bull. Ft. Peche Piscic 341/342: 115-124.
Jüttner, I., Reichardt, E. and Cox, E.J. (2004). Taxonomy and ecology of some new Gomphonema species common in Himalayan streams. Diatom Research 19(2): 235-264.
Kociolek, J.P. and Kingston, J.C. (1999). Taxonomy, ultrastructure, and distribution of some gomphonemoid diatoms (Bacillariophyceae: Gomphonemataceae) from rivers in the United States. Canadian Journal of Botany 77: 686-705. 10.1139/cjb-77-5-686
Kociolek, J.P. and Stoermer, E.F. (1988). A preliminary investigation of the phylogenetic relationships among the freshwater, apical porefield-bearing cymbelloid and gomphonemoid diatoms (Bacillariophyceae). Journal of Phycology 24: 377-385. 10.1111/j.1529-8817.1988.tb04480.x
Kociolek, J.P. and Stoermer, E.F. (1991). Taxonomy and ultrastructure of some Gomphonema and Gomphoneis taxa from the Upper Laurentian Great Lakes. Canadian Journal of Botany 69: 1557-1576. 10.1139/b91-200
Kociolek, J.P. and Stoermer, E.F. (1993). Freshwater gomphonemoid diatom phylogeny: preliminary results. Hydrobiologia 269-270: 31-38. 10.1007/BF00028001
Patrick, R.M. and Reimer, C.W. (1975). The Diatoms of the United States, exclusive of Alaska and Hawaii, V. 2. Monographs of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 13.
Thomas, E.W., Kociolek, J.P., Lowe, R.L. and Johansen, J.R. (2009). Taxonomy, ultrastructure and distribution of Gomphonemoid diatoms (Bacillariophyceae) from Great Smoky Mountains National Park (U.S.A.). Nova Hedwigia, Beiheft 135: 201-237.
Vouilloud, A.A. Sala, S.E. Avellaneda, M.N. and Duque, S.R. (2010). Diatoms from the Colombian and Peruvian Amazon: the genera Encyonema, Encyonopsis and Gomphonema (Cymbellales: Bacillariophyceae). Revista de Biologia Tropical 58: 45-62.